Where to Focus When Shooting Portraits of Family or People

I often receive this question during my individual photography coaching sessions and in the online practical beginner photography course: “Where should I focus when taking portraits of people, and what aperture value should I use?” In portrait photography, particularly when capturing family members and individuals, the position of your focus can greatly influence the overall quality of your images. Here are some important tips to enhance your portrait photography experience.

Focus on the Eyes

The eyes are often referred to as the windows to the soul, and in portrait photography, they should be your primary focus point. Sharp, clear eyes can connect the subject and the viewer, drawing them into the image. Ensure that the eyes are in sharp focus, particularly the eye closest to the camera in a three-quarter pose. Ensure your subject’s eyes have catch-light, too.

Portrait of an old man - Camera Focus on the Eyes

Use a Wide Aperture  

Using a wide aperture (small f-stop number) not only helps achieve a shallow depth of field, which isolates your subject from the background, but also makes it easier to focus on the eyes. The blur in the background enhances the overall composition, allowing the viewer to concentrate more on the subject and their expression. You can go as low as f/1.4, f/1.8, or f/2.8, but be sure to use a fast shutter speed. I find that f/4 is the safest option for focusing on the eyes and visible ears.

A Wife Aperture for Portrait Photography

Composition and Framing

While focus is crucial, don’t forget about the composition. Make sure to frame your shot to emphasise the person's features and expression. Sometimes, slightly off-centre compositions can lead to more dynamic portraits, allowing the viewer's eye to move through the image rather than just looking directly at the subject.

Wide Aperture, Fast Shutter Speed, Balanced Composition of a Portrait

Don’t Overlook Facial Features 

While the eyes are the focal point, be mindful of other facial features, such as the nose and mouth. Ensure these elements are also well-lit and positioned correctly within the frame. Pay attention to how light falls on the subject's face to highlight their features effectively.

Fair amount of light on the face, light reflecting in the eyes - Portrait in natural light

Experiment with Angles 

Different angles can dramatically alter the focus and perspective of your portraits. Shooting from slightly above can elongate the neck and emphasize the eyes, while a lower angle can create a more powerful presence. Always be mindful of your focus point, ensuring that it aligns with the intended impact of the shot.

Used the pot as the foreground composition element - an interesting angle for portrait photography

Use Natural Light When Possible 

Natural light can enhance skin tones and minimize unflattering shadows. Try to take photos during the golden hour, or seek out shaded areas to diffuse the light. Focus on the subject’s face and pay attention to how the light impacts their features.

If you're eager to deepen your photography skills and advance from beginner to expert, consider enrolling in my online beginner photography course. Additionally, I offer personalized one-on-one photography coaching, available online or in person, tailored to meet your unique needs.

In conclusion, focusing on the eyes while considering the overall composition, angles, and lighting can elevate your portrait photography. With practice and patience, you'll be able to beautifully capture the unique essence of your family and loved ones, creating lasting memories through your lens.

Start your journey to mastery today!